Design a data structure that supports the following two operations:
void addWord(word)
bool search(word)
search(word) can search a literal word or a regular expression string containing only letters a-z or .. A . means it can represent any one letter.
For example:
addWord("bad")
addWord("dad")
addWord("mad")
search("pad") -> false
search("bad") -> true
search(".ad") -> true
search("b..") -> true
Note: You may assume that all words are consist of lowercase letters a-z.
click to show hint. You should be familiar with how a Trie works. If not, please work on this problem: Implement Trie (Prefix Tree) first.
Solution:
public class WordDictionary {
class Node {
boolean isLeaf;
Node[] next = new Node[26];
}
Node root = new Node();
// Adds a word into the data structure.
public void addWord(String word) {
Node cur = root;
for(int i=0; i<word.length(); i++){
char ch = word.charAt(i);
if(cur.next[ch-'a']==null){
cur.next[ch-'a'] = new Node();
}
cur = cur.next[ch-'a'];
}
cur.isLeaf = true;
}
// Returns if the word is in the data structure. A word could
// contain the dot character '.' to represent any one letter.
public boolean search(String word) {
return search(word, root);
}
public boolean search(String word, Node node){
if(word.length()==0) return node.isLeaf;
char ch = word.charAt(0);
if(ch=='.'){
for(Node n : node.next){
if(n!=null){
if(search(word.substring(1), n)){
return true;
}
}
}
} else {
if(node.next[ch-'a']==null){
return false;
}
return search(word.substring(1), node.next[ch-'a']);
}
return false;
}
}
// Your WordDictionary object will be instantiated and called as such:
// WordDictionary wordDictionary = new WordDictionary();
// wordDictionary.addWord("word");
// wordDictionary.search("pattern");